NO CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICY
The Group’s consolidated
financial statements are prepared in accordance with
International
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). In line with
IFRS, several new or amended standards
and interpretations
were applied for the first time in 2007.
see Note 1 Nevertheless,
there were no changes in the Group’s consolidation
and accounting principles.
Therefore, changes in accounting
policy
and changes in management discretion in the application
of accounting
standards had no impact on Group business
performance
in the reporting period.
TWELVE MONTHS OF REEBOK RESULTS CONSOLIDATED
Several factors influenced the comparison of 2007 reported results for the Group and our segments with the prior year. Only eleven months of Reebok’s results were consolidated in 2006 due to the acquisition date (February 1, 2006). In 2007, twelve months of the segment’s results were consolidated. This had a positive impact on the comparison of Reebok segment sales to the prior year. The segment’s operating margin, however, was negatively affected, as the month of January is traditionally characterized by higher-than-average clearance activities. In addition, Reebok’s operating profit was negatively impacted by purchase price allocation charges, however to a significantly lesser extent compared to the prior year. In 2007, the negative effect on Reebok’s operating profit amounted to € 12 million (2006: € 89 million). Sales and operating margin at TaylorMade-adidas Golf were negatively affected by the divestiture of the Greg Norman Collection (GNC) wholesale business, which was completed on November 21, 2006.
SYNERGIES SUPPORT OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
The
operational
performance of the adidas and Reebok segments
was positively impacted by the realization of revenue and cost
synergies resulting from the integration of the Reebok business
into the adidas Group.
Revenue synergies mainly occurred in the Reebok segment. Sales increased incrementally in several countries for which Reebok had purchased the distribution rights in order to better control brand management and gain market share. Revenues grew particularly strongly in Russia and China, where Reebok took full control of distribution effective January 1, 2007. Revenue synergies also had a small positive impact on sales development in the adidas segment. This was a result of higher revenues from the licensed business, in particular from our partnership with the NBA.
Cost synergies resulting from the combination of adidas and Reebok sourcing activities had a positive impact on the cost of sales of both segments, in particular for adidas due to the higher volume of products sourced compared to Reebok. Due to the timing of sourcing improvements, cost synergies were weighted towards the second half of the year. On a full year basis, the positive impact on the Group’s gross margin was largely offset by integration costs which negatively impacted the Group’s operating expenses. These costs were recorded in the HQ / Consolidation segment and to a lesser extent at adidas and Reebok. In line with our initial expectations, we realized revenue synergies of around € 100 million. Net cost synergies exceeded initial expectations and amounted to around € 20 million in the full year 2007.
ADIDAS GROUP CURRENCY-NEUTRAL SALES GROW 7 %
In 2007, Group revenues increased 7 % on a currency-neutral
basis,
mainly as a result of sales growth in the adidas segment.
This development was in line with initial Management
expectations
of mid-single-digit growth. Currency movements
negatively impacted Group sales in euro terms. Group revenues
grew 2 % in euro terms to € 10.299 billion in 2007 from
€ 10.084 billion in 2006. On a like-for-like basis,
including
Reebok’s
revenues for the full twelve-month periods of both
years and excluding the effect from the divestiture
of the GNC
wholesale business, Group sales also increased 7 %.
|
NET SALES € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 2) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
NET SALES BY QUARTER1) € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
2007 NET SALES BY SEGMENT1) |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | HQ / Consolidation accounts for less than 1 % of sales. |
|
2007 NET SALES BY REGION1) |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Excluding HQ / Consolidation. |
NET SALES BY REGION
€ in millions
| Europe | North America |
Asia | Latin America |
Total3) | |
| 2003 | 3,365 | 1,562 | 1,116 | 179 | 6,267 |
| 20041) | 3,068 | 1,332 | 1,192 | 224 | 5,860 |
| 20051) | 3,166 | 1,561 | 1,523 | 319 | 6,636 |
| 20062) | 4,162 | 3,234 | 2,020 | 499 | 10,084 |
| 2007 | 4,369 | 2,929 | 2,254 | 657 | 10,299 |
1) Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon
business segment.
2) Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel
business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006.
3) Including HQ / Consolidation.
Currency-neutral sales in the Reebok segment were stable as a result of the consolidation of twelve months of Reebok’s revenues in 2007 versus only eleven months in the prior year. On a like-for-like basis, Reebok segment sales declined by 5 % in 2007. This like-for-like comparison of Reebok segment revenues reflects sales for the full twelve-month periods of both years. It also includes GNC retail sales which were transferred from the TaylorMade-adidas Golf segment to the Reebok segment, effective January 1, 2007. However, it excludes sales related to the NBA and Liverpool licensed businesses. These were transferred to brand adidas in the first half of 2006.
At TaylorMade-adidas Golf, currency-neutral revenues increased 1 %, negatively impacted by the divestiture of the GNC wholesale business. On a like-for-like basis, TaylorMade-adidas Golf sales increased 9 %.
In the HQ / Consolidation segment, we record revenues not attributable to the adidas, Reebok or TaylorMade-adidas Golf segments. In 2007, the HQ / Consolidation segment primarily comprised sales of Salomon products as part of our cooperation agreement with Amer Sports Corporation. The agreement was entered into to support the transfer of Salomon’s business activities to Amer Sports Corporation. Compared to the prior year, sales decreased by 60 % on a currency-neutral basis. This development was mainly due to the expiration of the Salomon footwear sourcing cooperation agreement.
Currency translation effects negatively impacted sales in all segments in euro terms. adidas sales increased 7 % to € 7.113 billion in 2007 from € 6.626 billion in 2006. Sales at Reebok decreased 6 % to € 2.333 billion versus € 2.473 billion in the prior year. TaylorMade-adidas Golf sales declined 6 % to € 804 million in 2007 from € 856 million in 2006. HQ / Consolidation sales decreased 62 % to € 48 million from € 129 million in the prior year.
2007 Net Sales Growth (Currency -Neutral) 1)
by segment and region in %
| Europe | North- America |
Asia | Latin America |
Total | |
| adidas | 8 |
5 |
17 | 39 | 12 |
| Reebok 2) | (1) | (5) | 24 | 32 | 0 |
| TaylorMade-adidas Golf 3) | 5 |
(9) | 20 | 32 | 1 |
| Total | 7 |
(2) | 18 | 38 | 7 |
1) Versus the prior year.
2) Reebok 2006 results only included eleven months of the twelve-month period.
3) TaylorMade-adidas Golf results included Greg Norman apparel business
from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006.
2007 Net Sales Growth (in €) 1)
by segment and region in %
| Europe | North America |
Asia | Latin America |
Total | |
| adidas | 7 |
(3) |
11 |
34 |
7 |
| Reebok 2) | (3) |
(13) |
18 |
21 |
(6) |
| TaylorMade-adidas Golf 3) | 3 |
(16) |
11 |
20 |
(6) |
| Total | 5 |
(9) |
12 |
32 |
2 |
1) Versus the prior year.
2) Reebok 2006 results only included eleven months of the twelve-month period.
3) TaylorMade-adidas Golf results included Greg Norman apparel business
from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006.
SALES INCREASE IN NEARLY ALL REGIONS
adidas Group sales
grew in all regions except North America in 2007. Group sales
in Europe grew 7 % on a currency-neutral basis as a result
of strong growth in the region’s emerging markets. In North
America, Group sales declined 2 % on a currency-neutral
basis
due to lower Reebok sales in the USA. Sales for the adidas
Group in Asia increased 18 % on a currency-neutral basis,
driven
by growth in China. In Latin America, sales grew 38 %
on a currency-neutral basis, with increases coming from all
of the region’s major markets.
Currency translation effects negatively impacted sales in euro terms in all regions. In euro terms, sales in Europe increased 5 % to € 4.369 billion in 2007 from € 4.162 billion in 2006. Sales in North America decreased 9 % to € 2.929 billion in 2007 from € 3.234 billion in the prior year. Revenues in Asia grew 12 % to € 2.254 billion in 2007 from € 2.020 billion in 2006. Sales in Latin America grew 32 % to € 657 million in 2007 from € 499 million in the prior year.
GROUP APPAREL SALES GROW STRONGLY
From a product
category
perspective, Group sales growth in the year was
largely driven by the apparel category. Currency-neutral footwear
sales
grew solidly and increased 5 % during the period.
Strong increases
in the adidas and TaylorMade-adidas Golf
segments were partly offset by declines in the Reebok segment.
Apparel sales grew 11 % on a currency-neutral basis.
Increases
in the adidas
and Reebok segments were partly offset
by a decrease
at TaylorMade-adidas Golf. In this segment,
increases
in adidas Golf apparel sales were more than offset
by negative impacts from the divestiture of the GNC wholesale
business. Currency-neutral hardware sales were stable compared
to the prior year. Increases at TaylorMade-adidas Golf
were offset by declines in the adidas and Reebok segments.
Currency translation effects negatively impacted sales in all product categories in euro terms. As a result, footwear sales in euros were virtually unchanged at € 4.751 billion in 2007 (2006: € 4.733 billion). Apparel sales in euro terms grew 6 % to € 4.365 billion in 2007 from € 4.105 billion in the prior year. Hardware sales in euros decreased 5 % to € 1.182 billion in 2007 from € 1.246 billion in 2006.
|
2007 NET SALES BY PRODUCT CATEGORY |
|
![]() |
NET SALES BY PRODUCT CATEGORY
€ in millions
| Footwear |
Apparel |
Hardware |
Total | |
| 2003 | 2,767 | 2,222 | 1,278 | 6,267 |
| 20041) |
2,620 |
2,462 |
778 |
5,860 |
| 20051) |
2,978 |
2,798 |
860 |
6,636 |
| 20062) |
4,733 |
4,105 |
1,246 |
10,084 |
| 2007 |
4,751 |
4,365 |
1,182 |
10,299 |
1) Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon
business segment.
2) Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards.
Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006.
COST OF SALES DECLINES 3 %
Cost of sales is defined as the
amount we pay to third parties for expenses associated with
producing and delivering our products. Own-production expenses
at adidas and Reebok as well as assembling expenses at
TaylorMade-adidas Golf are also included in the Group’s cost
of sales. However, these expenses represent only a very
small portion of total cost of sales. In 2007, cost of sales was
€ 5.417 billion,
representing a decrease of 3 % from € 5.589 billion
in 2006, despite higher sourcing volumes compared to the
prior year. This improvement is the result of cost synergies from
the combination of adidas and Reebok sourcing activities. The
optimization of sourcing processes and efficiency gains within
our supply chain more than offset increasing
labor and raw
material costs.
|
GROSS MARGIN in % |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 2) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
GROSS PROFIT € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 2) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
GROSS MARGIN INCREASES BY 2.8 PERCENTAGE POINTS
The gross margin of the adidas Group increased by 2.8 percentage
points to 47.4 % in 2007 (2006: 44.6 %). This development
exceeded Management’s initial expectation of a gross
margin between 45 and 47 %. The non-recurrence of negative
impacts from purchase price allocation in the Reebok segment,
which in 2006 amounted to € 76 million, positively
impacted gross margin development. Cost synergies resulting
from the combination of adidas and Reebok sourcing activities
as well as underlying
improvements in all segments also
contributed to this development. As a result, gross profit for
the adidas Group rose 9 % in 2007 to reach € 4.882 billion
versus € 4.495 billion in the prior year.
ROYALTY AND COMMISSION INCOME GROWS STRONGLY
Royalty
and commission income for the adidas Group increased
20 % on a currency-neutral basis. Increased adidas and
TaylorMade-adidas Golf sales through external licensees and
higher average royalty rates at all brands were the main drivers
of this increase.
The consolidation of the month of January in
the Reebok segment in 2007 also positively impacted this
development.
In euro terms, royalty
and commission income
increased by 14 % to € 102 million in 2007 from € 90 million in
the prior year.
|
GROSS PROFIT BY QUARTER1) € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006 |
|
OPERATING EXPENSES € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 2) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
OPERATING EXPENSES in % of net sales |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 2) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
HIGHER EXPENSES AT REEBOK DRIVE OPERATING EXPENSE
INCREASE
Operating expenses include marketing working
budget and operating overhead costs as well as depreciation
and amortization. Operating expenses as a percentage of sales
increased by 2.5 percentage points to 39.2 % in 2007 from
36.7 % in 2006. This increase primarily reflects one-time costs
related to the integration of Reebok into the adidas Group as
well as higher expenses in the Reebok segment for advertising,
product development and initiatives to grow the brand in
emerging markets. In absolute terms, operating expenses for
the adidas Group increased by 9 % to € 4.035 billion in 2007
from € 3.704 billion in the prior year.
MARKETING WORKING BUDGET INCREASES AS A PERCENTAGE
OF SALES
Almost half of our Group’s marketing working
budget is variable to increase the flexibility of our Group. The
variable portion primarily includes expenses for advertising,
retail presentation and public relations, whereas the fixed portion
consists mainly of expenses for promotion partnerships.
Marketing working budget as a percentage of sales increased
0.5 percentage
points to 13.4 % in 2007 (2006: 12.9 %). adidas
marketing working budget as a percentage of sales remained
stable. Reebok’s marketing working budget as a percentage of
sales increased to support the revitalization of the brand.
However, Reebok’s marketing working budget continues to be
below the Group average.
Marketing
expenditure as a percentage
of sales at TaylorMade-adidas
Golf grew compared to the
prior year as a result of the divestiture of the GNC wholesale
business, which had lower marketing expenditures as a percentage
of sales.
|
OPERATING EXPENSES BY FUNCTION € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
MARKETING WORKING BUDGET in % of net sales |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 2) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
OPERATING OVERHEADS INCREASE AS A PERCENTAGE OF
SALES
Group operating overheads include overhead costs
related
to marketing, sales, logistics, research and development
as well as central finance and administration functions.
Operating overhead
expenses as a percentage of sales increased
2.2 percentage points to 26.0 % in 2007 from 23.8 %
in the prior year. This was primarily a result of higher own-retail
expenditures, which increased
in line with the expansion
of the Group’s own-retail activities. Central finance and administration
expenses also grew overproportionately
due to
integration
expenses in the Group’s Headquarter
functions.
However, research and development expenditure
decreased
as a result of the combination of certain adidas and Reebok
research
capabilities.
see Research and Development
EBITDA UP 8 %
The Group’s earnings before interest, taxes,
depreciation
and amortization of tangible and intangible
assets
(EBITDA) increased 8 % to € 1.165 billion in 2007
(
2006: € 1.078 billion). Depreciation and amortization expense
for tangible and intangible assets with limited useful lives
grew 1 % to € 211 million in 2007 (2006: € 209 million). In
accordance
with International Financial Reporting Standards,
intangible assets with unlimited useful lives (goodwill and
trademarks) are tested annually and additionally when there
are indications of potential impairment. No impairment of
intangible
assets was incurred in 2007 and 2006.
OPERATING MARGIN REACHES 9.2 %
The operating margin
of the adidas Group increased 0.5 percentage points to 9.2 %
in 2007 (2006: 8.7 %). This development was in line with initial
Management expectations of an operating margin around 9 %.
The operating margin increase is a result of the Group’s gross
margin improvement, which more than offset higher operating
expenses as a percentage of sales. As a result, Group operating
profit increased 8 % in 2007 to reach € 949 million versus
€ 881 million in 2006.
|
EBITDA € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Adjusted to reflect the application of IAS 32. |
| 2) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 3) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
OPERATING MARGIN in % |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Excluding royalty and commission income as well as goodwill amortization. |
| 2) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 3) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
OPERATING PROFIT € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Excluding royalty and commission income as well as goodwill amortization. |
| 2) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 3) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
OPERATING PROFIT BY QUARTER1) € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
NET FINANCIAL EXPENSES € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Adjusted to reflect the application of IAS 32. |
| 2) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 3) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
STRONG DECREASE OF NET FINANCIAL EXPENSES
Net financial
expenses decreased 15 % to € 134 million in 2007 from
€ 158 million in the prior year as a result of lower financial
expenses
following the strong reduction of net borrowings.
see Treasury
FINANCIAL INCOME DECLINES BY 9 %
Financial income
decreased
by 9 % to € 36 million in 2007 (2006: € 39 million).
In the prior year, financial income was higher due to a significant
cash position
after the capital increase and the proceeds
related to the divestiture of the Salomon business segment
at the beginning of 2006. Both transactions were completed in
the fourth quarter of 2005.
FINANCIAL EXPENSES DECREASE BY 14 %
Financial expenses
decreased 14 % to € 170 million in 2007 (2006: € 197 million),
mainly as a result of significantly lower gross borrowings versus
the prior year.
INCOME BEFORE TAXES INCREASES BY 13 %
As a result of the
Group’s operating margin increase and lower net financial
expenses,
income before taxes (IBT) as a percentage of sales
increased by 0.7 percentage points to 7.9 % in 2007 from 7.2 %
in 2006. IBT for the adidas Group increased 13 % to € 815 million
in 2007 from € 723 million in 2006.
|
INCOME BEFORE TAXES € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Adjusted to reflect the application of IAS 32. |
| 2) | Figures reflect continuing operations as a result of the divestiture of the Salomon business segment. |
| 3) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
|
INCOME BEFORE TAXES BY QUARTER1) € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006 |
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS GROWS 14 %
The Group’s net income attributable to shareholders increased
14 % to € 551 million in 2007 from € 483 million in 2006. This
development was in line with initial Management expectations
that targeted an increase at a rate approaching 15 %. The Group’s
higher operating profit, lower net financial expenses and
lower
minority interests each contributed to this development.
The Group’s tax rate increased by 0.4 percentage points to
31.8 % in 2007 (2006: 31.4 %). The non-recurrence of a one-time
tax benefit, which had a positive impact in the prior year, was
partly compensated for by favorable tax rate changes in several
countries.
see Note 27
MINORITY INTERESTS DECLINE BY 71 %
The Group’s minority
interests decreased 71 % to € 4 million in 2007 from € 13 million
in 2006. The strong decline in minority interests compared
to the prior year was primarily due to the buyout of the adidas
joint venture partner in Korea. Effective September 1, 2006,
the Group purchased the remaining 49 % of shares.
| Net Income Attributable to Shareholders € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) |
Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
| Net Income Attributable to Shareholders by Quarter1) € in millions |
|
![]() |
|
| 1) | Including Reebok business segment from February 1, 2006 onwards. Including Greg Norman apparel business from February 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. |
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE BOTH INCREASE
14 %
In line with the increase of the Group’s net income attributable
to shareholders, basic earnings per share increased
14 % to € 2.71 in 2007 versus € 2.37 in 2006. The Group’s total
number of shares outstanding increased by 92,100 shares to
203,628,960 at the end of 2007 from 203,536,860 at the end of
2006 as a result of shares from stock options exercised as part
of Tranches II, III, IV and V of the Management Share Option
Plan (MSOP) of adidas AG. Consequently, the weighted average
number of shares used in the calculation of basic earnings per
share was 203,594,975 (2006 average: 203,386,104). Diluted
earnings per share in 2007 also increased 14 % to € 2.57 from
€ 2.25 in the prior year. The weighted average number of
shares used in the calculation of diluted earnings per share
was 219,467,177 (2006 average: 219,399,522). The number of
diluted shares outstanding at year-end 2007 was 219,485,875
(2006: 219,485,875). The dilutive effect largely results from
approximately
sixteen million additional potential shares that
could be created in relation to our outstanding convertible
bond, for which conversion criteria were first met at the end
of the fourth quarter of 2004.